29 available references for "Natural Sciences"

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Case Studies;
Alexander Feher
Ref. no. : 13118

Publisher : Springer, Cham
Place of publication :
Publication year : 2017
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note
Ethnobotany and especially ethnoecology are only at the beginning of their development and perhaps that is why there are so few methodological studies (cf. Martin 2004).
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Keywords : coasts
Encoded by : Pauline Carmel Joy Eje

Impacts on Natural Ecosystems;
Masahiko Ohsawa
Ref. no. : 13144

Publisher : Springer, Tokyo
Place of publication :
Publication year : 1998
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note
Japan extends over the East Asian monsoon region, covering slightly more than 20Â° in latitude from 25Â° North to 45Â° North, and 3,000 km from north to south. A major characteristic of this entire region is its location in a rain-forest zone, which supports forest growth well. Located in the mid-latitudes where latitudinal gradients in temperature are steep, these forests range from subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests to cold-temperate coniferous forests. The mountainous regions in excess of 1,000 meter elevations that form the backbone of Japan serve as migration routes as well as distributional barriers. There are also many instances in which marine straits serve as distributional boundaries, and global warming is anticipated to have a major effect in terms of forced migration of biotas and ecosystems Topographical features are minute, geology is variegated, and local climates peculiar to mountain terrain are formed on various scales; thus, predictions of ecosystem changes based on macro-scale conditions of temperature change are not by themselves realistic. In addition, numerous cities, roads, rail systems, and other such man-made landscapes in these areas represent distributional barriers of various levels, and realistic predictions are nearly impossible. While predictions are complicated by the diverse environmental tolerance and migratory capacity that different species possess, general changes in ecosystems in response to environmental change can be predicted on the basis of ecological knowledge on species functions and habits. The formulation of preventive measures will generate a growing demand for such predictions in the future.
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Keywords : sampling design
Encoded by : Pauline Carmel Joy Eje

Natural disasters and humankind;
Kirill Ya. Kondratyev
Ref. no. : 13170

Publisher : Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Place of publication :
Publication year : 2006
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note

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Keywords : CMS
Encoded by : Pauline Carmel Joy Eje

Germination Pre-treatments in Haloxylon persicum (Amaranthaceae), an Economically Important Tree of Desert Ecosystems in Western Asia;
Kazem Nosrati
Ref. no. : 13193

Publisher : Springer, Dordrecht
Place of publication :
Publication year : 2014
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note
Seed dormancy is an obstacle to revegetation and reclamation efforts, particularly in arid and semiarid environments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the most effective germination pretreatment for Haloxylon persicum, a tall desert shrub or small tree. The experiment employed a completely randomized block design. Dormancy breaking treatments included scarification with 98 % sulfuric acid for 10, 20, 30, and 60 min; debracting seeds; debracting + piercing seeds; stratification for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks; and leaching seeds in flowing water for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. Results demonstrated that scarification with 98 % sulfuric acid for 10 min was the most effective treatment which increased germination from 23.3 % (control) to >82.6 %.
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Keywords : events
Encoded by : Pauline Carmel Joy Eje

Ecosystem Management;
Limin Dai
Ref. no. : 13244

Publisher : Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Place of publication :
Publication year : 2015
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note
Ecosystem management is to make adaptive management strategy based on full understanding the process of composition, structure and function of ecological system, and to restore or maintain ecosystem integrity and sustainability. Forest ecosystem management attempts to maintain forest ecosystem complex process, path and the interdependent relationship, and maintaining their function good, for sustainable forest management and forest ecological system, and establishing and developing comprehensive theoretical system of forest ecosystem and sustainable forestry management system and decision support system, method and technology system. Grassland ecosystem is the prairie land biological coupling with its survival in nature. Absorbing new achievements of science and technology, to build and to make the new grazing system unit perfect, and make it as the indispensable important component of modern agriculture. Desert ecosystem management needs to solve problems of harmonious interaction and the sustainable development of river basin, as well as the ecological water requirement of river basin security problems. Desert ecosystem management must adopt comprehensive ecological management measures in the process of management, give attention to utilization and protection to optimize economic, social, and environmental benefits. Wetland surface interaction process and the system response, the succession of wetland ecosystem and its ecological effect, and the further research of wetland ecosystem function evaluation becomes scientific foundation to explain wetland process route and wetland ecosystem management. Lake ecosystem is affected by human activities. Controlling food chain control of biological on the basis of the classic and nonclassical biological control theory is one of the important measures to control eutrophication in lake. Aquatic plant restoration is also very important in the process of eutrophication in lake. We developed the marine ecosystem management system in China, including ocean space planning and Marine functional zoning planning, Marine nature reserve construction, fishing intensity control and the closed fishing rule, ecological restoration and resource conservation, maintenance management information system construction, and emphasize more on the ocean in terms of ecosystem management in new pattern. Driven by the interests of the market due to the economic benefit and production effect, ecological environmental benefits are neglected in agricultural ecological system. Using the ecology principle â€œprevention and control of integrated systemâ€ is the fundamental way for agricultural pest control.
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Keywords : ornithology
Encoded by : Pauline Carmel Joy Eje

Global ecodynamics;
Kirill Ya. Kondratyev
Ref. no. : 13315

Publisher : Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Place of publication :
Publication year : 2004
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note
A globalization of manâ€™s impact on the environment with the continuing growth of population and a great uncertainty of the prospects of civilization development have raised numerous principal problems of economic, political, and social character. One of them is an assessment and prediction of the state of the global carbon cycle emphasizing the role of anthropogenic processes. Clearly, this problem cannot be selected and discussed separately from the other problems of the society-nature (NS) interaction. Nevertheless, to substantiate a set of relevant problems, it is necessary from the broad spectrum of natural-anthropogenic processes to select the key aspects, the knowledge of which will enable one to answer the principal questions surrounding the sustainable development of the global nature-society system (NSS). Though the notion of sustainable development has not been clearly defined, the term â€œsustainable developmentâ€ is widely used in scientific literature. Various discussions on the origin and meaning of this term have long taken place among specialists in various fields. They include the widely known decisions made at the international conferences in Stockholm (1972), in Rio de Janeiro (1992), and in Johannesburg (2002), as well as an accomplishment of several international programmes, such as the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), International Human Dimensions Programme of Global Change (IHDP), the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), International Biodiversity Programme DIVERSITAS, etc. (Braswell et al., 1996).
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Keywords : biodiversity
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Managing the Livestockâ€“Wildlife Interface on Rangelands;
Johan T. du Toit
Ref. no. : 13322

Publisher : Springer, Cham
Place of publication :
Publication year : 2017
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note
On rangelands the livestockâ€“wildlife interface is mostly characterized by management actions aimed at controlling problems associated with competition, disease, and depredation. Wildlife communities (especially the large vertebrate species) are typically incompatible with agricultural development because the opportunity costs of wildlife conservation are unaffordable except in arid and semi-arid regions. Ecological factors including the provision of supplementary food and water for livestock, together with the persecution of large predators, result in livestock replacing wildlife at biomass densities far exceeding those of indigenous ungulates. Diseases are difficult to eradicate from free-ranging wildlife populations and so veterinary controls usually focus on separating commercial livestock herds from wildlife. Persecution of large carnivores due to their depredation of livestock has caused the virtual eradication of apex predators from most rangelands. However, recent research points to a broad range of solutions to reduce conflict at the livestockâ€“wildlife interface. Conserving wildlife bolsters the adaptive capacity of a rangeland by providing stakeholders with options for dealing with environmental change. This is contingent upon local communities being empowered to benefit directly from their wildlife resources within a management framework that integrates land-use sectors at the landscape scale. As rangelands undergo irreversible changes caused by species invasions and climate forcings, the future perspective favors a proactive shift in attitude towards the livestockâ€“wildlife interface, from problem control to asset management.
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Keywords : community interviews
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Book reviews;
John F. Potter
Ref. no. : 13348

Publisher : Kluwer Academic Publishers
Place of publication :
Publication year : 1994
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note

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Keywords : fungi
Encoded by : Pauline Carmel Joy Eje

An environment-oriented concept of nature use;
D. S. Pavlov
Ref. no. : 13405

Publisher : SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica
Place of publication :
Publication year : 2010
Thematic : Natural Sciences
Language : English
Note
The current forms of nature use either disturb or destroy natural ecosystems, the functions of which create and stabilize environmental conditions suitable for human life. The authors of this article propose to switch from the strategy of intensive consumption of natural resources to an economic model that would maintain natural environmental regulation and ensure the sustainable development of civilization. The environment-oriented concept of nature use developed by the authors is based on the principle that we should first preserve the environment-forming functions of biotic communities and the diversity of living organisms.
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Keywords : Species selection strategy
Encoded by : Pauline Carmel Joy Eje

Ref. No.	Reference title	Author
13118	Case Studies	Alexander Feher
13144	Impacts on Natural Ecosystems	Masahiko Ohsawa
13170	Natural disasters and humankind	Kirill Ya. Kondratyev
13193	Germination Pre-treatments in Haloxylon persicum (Amaranthaceae), an Economically Important Tree of Desert Ecosystems in Western Asia	Kazem Nosrati
13244	Ecosystem Management	Limin Dai
13315	Global ecodynamics	Kirill Ya. Kondratyev
13322	Managing the Livestockâ€“Wildlife Interface on Rangelands	Johan T. du Toit
13348	Book reviews	John F. Potter
13405	An environment-oriented concept of nature use	D. S. Pavlov

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